使用基于类的视图进行表单处理(2)-木庄网络博客

的urls.py

from django.urls import path
from myapp.views import AuthorCreate, AuthorDelete, AuthorUpdate
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urlpatterns = [
    # ...
    path('author/add/', AuthorCreate.as_view(), name='author-add'),
    path('author/<int:pk>/', AuthorUpdate.as_view(), name='author-update'),
    path('author/<int:pk>/delete/', AuthorDelete.as_view(), name='author-delete'),
]

注意：些观点继承 SingleObjectTemplateResponseMixin 它使用 template_name_suffix 了构建 template_name 基于模型。

在此示例中：

CreateView和UpdateView使用myapp/author_form.html
DeleteView 用途 myapp/author_confirm_delete.html

如果希望为CreateView和提供单独的模板UpdateView，则可以在视图类上设置 template_name或 template_name_suffix。

模型和request.user

要跟踪使用创建对象的用户，CreateView可以使用自定义方法ModelForm来执行此操作。首先，将外键关系添加到模型：

models.py中

from django.contrib.auth.models import User
from django.db import models
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class Author(models.Model):
    name = models.CharField(max_length=200)
    created_by = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
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    # ...

在视图中，确保您不包括created_by要编辑的字段列表，并覆盖 form_valid()以添加用户：

的views.py

from django.contrib.auth.mixins import LoginRequiredMixin
from django.views.generic.edit import CreateView
from myapp.models import Author
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class AuthorCreate(LoginRequiredMixin, CreateView):
    model = Author
    fields = ['name']
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    def form_valid(self, form):
        form.instance.created_by = self.request.user
        return super().form_valid(form)

LoginRequiredMixin防止未登录的用户访问表单。如果您忽略了这一点，则需要处理中的未授权用户form_valid()。

AJAX示例

这是一个示例，显示了如何实现适用于AJAX请求以及“普通”表单POST的表单：

from django.http import JsonResponse
from django.views.generic.edit import CreateView
from myapp.models import Author
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class AjaxableResponseMixin:
    """
    Mixin to add AJAX support to a form.
    Must be used with an object-based FormView (e.g. CreateView)
    """
    def form_invalid(self, form):
        response = super().form_invalid(form)
        if self.request.is_ajax():
            return JsonResponse(form.errors, status=400)
        else:
            return response
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    def form_valid(self, form):
        # We make sure to call the parent's form_valid() method because
        # it might do some processing (in the case of CreateView, it will
        # call form.save() for example).
        response = super().form_valid(form)
        if self.request.is_ajax():
            data = {
                'pk': self.object.pk,
            }
            return JsonResponse(data)
        else:
            return response
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class AuthorCreate(AjaxableResponseMixin, CreateView):
    model = Author
    fields = ['name']