Oracle连接配置解读(2)-木庄网络博客

那么tns是什么呢？我们看下这个连接串。

sqlplus sys/password@iZbp1d4tisi44j6vxze02fZ:1521/orcl1400 as sysdba

@后面的信息很多，能否省略呢？比如

sqlplus sys/password@tns1400 as sysdba

这样看起来简洁很多也便于管理，TNS即实现了这个功能，我们看一个tnsnames.ora的配置：

NSN1522 =
 (DESCRIPTION =
  (ADDRESS_LIST =
   (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = iZbp1d4tisi44j6vxze02fZ)(PORT = 1522))
  )
  (CONNECT_DATA =
   (SERVICE_NAME = gdn1400)
  )
 )

NSN1521 =
 (DESCRIPTION =
  (ADDRESS_LIST =
   (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = iZbp1d4tisi44j6vxze02fZ)(PORT = 1521))
  )
  (CONNECT_DATA =
   (SERVICE_NAME = orcl1400)
  )
 )

这里可以看到，最左面的NSN1522和NSN1521就是我们可以@的服务名字。内部的映射信息是指向listener的，这里的servicename要和上面的global database name对应上！

NSN1522, iZbp1d4tisi44j6vxze02fZ, 1522, gdn1400 -----> listener2
NSN1521, iZbp1d4tisi44j6vxze02fZ, 1521, orcl1400 -----> listener1

两个别名指向了两个不同的listener，连接测试：

# sqlplus sys/password@nsn1521 as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Thu May 30 20:58:51 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL>

# sqlplus sys/password@nsn1522 as sysdba

SQL*Plus: Release 12.1.0.2.0 Production on Thu May 30 20:58:55 2019

Copyright (c) 1982, 2014, Oracle. All rights reserved.


Connected to:
Oracle Database 12c Enterprise Edition Release 12.1.0.2.0 - 64bit Production
With the Partitioning, OLAP, Advanced Analytics and Real Application Testing options

SQL>

注意：tns依赖lsnrctl使用，可以理解为hostname这样的概念，注意tns的SERVICE_NAME等信息必须和listener关联才能连接！

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