成对比较(多列子查询)
select ename,comm,sal form emp where (sal,nvl(comm,-1)) in (select sal,nvl(comm,-1) from emp where deptno=30);
非成对比较
select ename,sal,comm from emp where sal in(select sal from emp where deptno=30) and nvl(comm,-1) in (select nvl(comm,-1) from emp where deptno=30)
2、set之后
update monthly_orders set (tot_orders, max_order_amt, min_order_amt, tot_amt) = (select count(*), max(sale_price), min(sale_price), sum(sale_price) from cust_order where order_dt >= TO_DATE('01-JUL-2001','DD-MON-YYYY')) where month = 7 and year = 2001;
二、在DDL语句中使用子查询
1、create table
通过在create table中使用子查询,可以在建立新表的同时复制表的数据。
CREATE TABLE new_emp(id,name,sal,job,deptno) AS SELEct empno,ename,sal,job,deptno FROM emp;
2、create View
建立视图时,必须指定视图所对应的子查询语句。
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW dept_10 AS SELECT empno,ename,job,sal,deptno FROM emp WHERE deptno=10 ORDER BY empno;
3、create materialized view 建立实体化视图
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW summary_emp AS SELECT deptno,job,avg(sal) avgsal,sum(sal) sumsal FROM emp GROUP BY cube(deptno,job);
三、在DML语句中使用子查询
1.INSERT
INSERT INTO employee (id,name,title,salary) SELECT emptno,ename,job,sal FROM emp;
2.UPDATE
UPDATE emp SET (sal,comm)= (SELECT sal,comm FROM emp WHERE ename='SMITH') WHERE job=(SELECT job FROM emp WHERE ename='SMITH');
3.DELETE
DELECT FROM emp WHERE deptno= (SELECT deptno FROM dept WHERE dname='SALES');
四、WITH语句
如果同一个非关联子查询在同一次查询中被使用多次,这种情况可以使用ORACLE9I提供的WITH语句,WITH语句创建了命名的一个临时的数据集。这个只产生一次数据集可以在整个查询中使用多次,使用这个数据集就和使用表一样。
WITH avg_sal AS (SELECT AVG(salary) val FROM employee) SELECT e.emp_id, e.lname, e.fname, (SELECT ROUND(e.salary - val) FROM avg_sal) above_avg FROM employee e WHERE e.salary > (SELECT val FROM avg_sal);
五、相关子查询。
相关子查询:是指需要引用主查询表列的子查询语句。相关子查询是通过EXISTS谓词来实现的。
SELECT ename,job,sal,deptno FROM emp WHERE EXISTS (SELECT 1 FROM dept WHERE dept.deptno=emp.deptno AND dept.loc='NEW YORK');
找出工资高于其所在部门平均工资的员工
select enam,sal from emp t1 where t1.sal > (select avg(sal) from emp t2 where t1.Deptno = t2.Deptno)
找出换了二次或二次以上工作的员工:
select last_name from employees e where 2<= (select count(*) from job_history j where j.employee_id =e.employee_id)
到此这篇关于Oracle在PL/SQL中使用子查询的文章就介绍到这了。希望对大家的学习有所帮助,也希望大家多多支持。