创建一个wordpress的用户,并授权。
MariaDB [(none)]> CREATE DATABASE wordpress; Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> GRANT ALL ON wordpress.* TO wpuser@'192.168.73.%' identified by 'mylinuxops'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
2.查看用户的权限
MariaDB [(none)]> show grants for wpuser@'192.168.73.%'; +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for wpuser@192.168.73.% | +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'wpuser'@'192.168.73.%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*EC0DBFB480593BB6ED2EC028A4231A72D8137406' | | GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON `wordpress`.* TO 'wpuser'@'192.168.73.%' | +------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
3.授权的其他选项
MAX_QUESRIES_PER_HOUR count #每小时最多查多少次 MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR count #每小时最多改多少次 MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR count #每小时最多连多少次 MAX_USER_CONNECTIONS count #用户的最大数连接数
取消权限
REVOKE priv_type [(column_list)] [, priv_type [(column_list)]] ... ON [object_type] priv_level FROM user [, user] ...
示例:
MariaDB [(none)]> revoke delete on wordpress.* from wpuser@'192.168.73.%'; Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec) MariaDB [(none)]> show grants for wpuser@'192.168.73.%'; +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | Grants for wpuser@192.168.73.% | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ | GRANT USAGE ON *.* TO 'wpuser'@'192.168.73.%' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*EC0DBFB480593BB6ED2EC028A4231A72D8137406' | | GRANT SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, CREATE, DROP, REFERENCES, INDEX, ALTER, CREATE TEMPORARY TABLES, LOCK TABLES, EXECUTE, CREATE VIEW, SHOW VIEW, CREATE ROUTINE, ALTER ROUTINE, EVENT, TRIGGER ON `wordpress`.* TO 'wpuser'@'192.168.73.%' | +----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec) # 此时wpuser@'192.168.73.%'已经没有了delete权限
MySQL的root口令破解
工作中有时候可能会遇到root口令丢失的情况,此时可以通过以下方法进行找回root口令
以下为示范如何破解root口令
一、密码未知无法登陆MySQL
[root@localhost ~]# mysql ERROR 1045 (28000): Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: NO)
二、破解
1.修改配置文件/etc/my.cnf,添加两行参数
skip_grant_tables:跳过授权表信息,此项生效后再次使用MySQL就无需使用密码了,但是远程的其他用户也可以不使用密码登陆,有一定的风险性
skip_networking:关闭网路功能,由于光启用skip_grant_tables选项,其他用户也可以无需密码登陆MySQL非常危险,所以需要关闭网路功能只允许本地的用户进行操作。
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] skip_networking=on #不启用网络功能 skip_grant_tables=on #跳过授权表 [root@localhost ~]# service mysqld restart #对位置文件修改后需要重新启动服务 Restarting mysqld (via systemctl): [ OK ]
2.登陆MySQL,进行密码修改
[root@localhost ~]# mysql #此时已经无需输入密码就能登陆 Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 11 Server version: 10.2.23-MariaDB-log Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]> UPDATE mysql.user SET password=PASSWORD('123456') where user='root'; #对root的口令进行修改 Query OK, 4 rows affected (0.01 sec) Rows matched: 4 Changed: 4 Warnings: 0
3.口令修改完毕后,需要将配置文件恢复
将刚才启用的两个选项进行注销或者删除,然后重启服务
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf [mysqld] #skip_networking=on #skip_grant_tables=on [root@localhost ~]# service mysqld restart Restarting mysqld (via systemctl): [ OK ]
4.使用新口令登陆MySQL
[root@localhost ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MariaDB connection id is 10 Server version: 10.2.23-MariaDB-log Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. MariaDB [(none)]>
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