详细聊聊sql中exists和notexists用法(2)-木庄网络博客

经过分析，我认为一旦跟外层查询关联上，就会扫描外面查询的表。而没一旦二者不添加关联关系，只会根据not exists返回是否有结果集来判断，这也是为什么一旦子查询有数据，就查不到所有的数据了。

附案例分析

来看看not exists或exists是如何用的吧。

# 学生表
CREATE TABLE `Student`(
    `s_id` VARCHAR(20),
    `s_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
    `s_birth` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
    `s_sex` VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
    PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`)
);
# 课程表
CREATE TABLE `Course`(
    `c_id`  VARCHAR(20),
    `c_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
    `t_id` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL,
    PRIMARY KEY(`c_id`)
);
# 教师表
CREATE TABLE `Teacher`(
    `t_id` VARCHAR(20),
    `t_name` VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT '',
    PRIMARY KEY(`t_id`)
);
# 成绩表
CREATE TABLE `Score`(
    `s_id` VARCHAR(20),
    `c_id`  VARCHAR(20),
    `s_score` INT(3),
    PRIMARY KEY(`s_id`,`c_id`)
);
# 插入学生表测试数据
insert into Student values('01' , '赵雷' , '1990-01-01' , '男');
insert into Student values('02' , '钱电' , '1990-12-21' , '男');
insert into Student values('03' , '孙风' , '1990-05-20' , '男');
insert into Student values('04' , '李云' , '1990-08-06' , '男');
insert into Student values('05' , '周梅' , '1991-12-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('06' , '吴兰' , '1992-03-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('07' , '郑竹' , '1989-07-01' , '女');
insert into Student values('08' , '王菊' , '1990-01-20' , '女');
#课程表测试数据
insert into Course values('01' , '语文' , '02');
insert into Course values('02' , '数学' , '01');
insert into Course values('03' , '英语' , '03');
# 教师表测试数据
insert into Teacher values('01' , '张三');
insert into Teacher values('02' , '李四');
insert into Teacher values('03' , '王五');
#成绩表测试数据
insert into Score values('01' , '01' , 80);
insert into Score values('01' , '02' , 90);
insert into Score values('01' , '03' , 99);
insert into Score values('02' , '01' , 70);
insert into Score values('02' , '02' , 60);
insert into Score values('02' , '03' , 80);
insert into Score values('03' , '01' , 80);
insert into Score values('03' , '02' , 80);
insert into Score values('03' , '03' , 80);
insert into Score values('04' , '01' , 50);
insert into Score values('04' , '02' , 30);
insert into Score values('04' , '03' , 20);
insert into Score values('05' , '01' , 76);
insert into Score values('05' , '02' , 87);
insert into Score values('06' , '01' , 31);
insert into Score values('06' , '03' , 34);
insert into Score values('07' , '02' , 89);
insert into Score values('07' , '03' , 98);

题目是查询和"01"号的同学学习的课程完全相同的其他同学的信息，直接做确实有点麻烦，我们可以先做做这题：查看学了所有课程的同学的信息。

学了所有课程的同学的信息，那不就是这些同学没有一门课程没有学吗。

select * from Student st where not exists(select * from Course c 
where not exists(select * from Score sc where sc.c_id = c.c_id 
and sc.s_id = st.s_id));

然后我们再回过来看这题，把所有的课程换成01同学学的课程。

select * from Student st where not exists(select * from
( select s2.c_id as c_id from Student s1 
inner join Score s2 on s1.s_id = s2.s_id where s1.s_id = 01) t 
where  not exists (select * from Score sc 
where sc.c_id = t.c_id and sc.s_id = st.s_id and st.s_id != 01));