python解压文件格式的基本方法

import patoolib

# 解压缩

patoolib.extract_archive("archive.zip", outdir="/tmp")

# 测试压缩包是否完整

patoolib.test_archive("dist.tar.gz", verbosity=1)

# 列出压缩包内的文件

patoolib.list_archive("package.deb")

# 创建压缩包

patoolib.create_archive("/path/to/myfiles.zip", ("file1.txt", "dir/"))

# 比较压缩包内文件的差异

patoolib.diff_archives("release1.0.tar.gz", "release2.0.zip")

# 搜索patoolib.search_archive("def urlopen", "python3.3.tar.gz")

# 修改压缩包的压缩格式

patoolib.repack_archive("linux-2.6.33.tar.gz", "linux-2.6.33.tar.bz2")

patoolib.util.PatoolError: could not find an executable program to extract format rar; candidates are (rar,unrar,7z)

# 导入ZipFile类

from zipfile import ZipFile

# ZipFile(file, mode='r', compression=ZIP_STORED, allowZip64=True, compresslevel=None)

# 默认模式是读取，该模式提供read(), readline(), readlines(), __iter__(), __next__()等方法

with ZipFile('test.zip') as myzip:

    myzip.extract(member='1.txt'，path='tmp')

    myzip.extractall(path='tmp',members=['1.txt','2.txt'],pwd='password')

# 添加文件的mode有'w', 'a', 'x'

# 'w'表示覆盖或写入一个新文件；'a'表示在已有文件后追加；'x'表示新建文件并写入。

# 在三种mode下，如果未写入认识数据，则会生成空的ZIP文件。

with ZipFile('test.zip',mode='w') as myzip:   

    for file in ['1.txt', '2.txt']: # 需压缩的文件列表       

        myzip.write(file,compress_type=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)

# 方法一

def addToZip(zf, path, zippath):

    if os.path.isfile(path):       

        zf.write(path, zippath, zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)  # 以zlib压缩方法写入文件   

    elif os.path.isdir(path):       

        if zippath:           

            zf.write(path, zippath)       

        for nm in os.listdir(path):           

            addToZip(zf, os.path.join(path, nm), os.path.join(zippath, nm))

with zipfile.ZipFile('tmp4.zip', 'w') as zip_file:   

      addToZip(zip_file,'tmp','tmp')   

#方法二

class ZipFolder:   

    def toZip(self, file, zipfilename):       

        # 首先创建zipfile对象       

        with zipfile.ZipFile(zipfilename, 'w') as zip_file:           

            if os.path.isfile(file):  # 判断写入的是文件还是文件夹，是文件的话直接写入               

                zip_file.write(file)           

            else:  # 否则调用写入文件夹的函数assFolderToZip()               

                self.addFolderToZip(zip_file, file)   

    def addFolderToZip(self, zip_file, folder):       

        for file in os.listdir(folder):  # 依次遍历文件夹内的文件           

            full_path = os.path.join(folder, file)           

            if os.path.isfile(full_path): # 判断是文件还是文件夹，是文件的话直接写入               

                print('File added: ', str(full_path))               

                zip_file.write(full_path)           

            elif os.path.isdir(full_path):            

            # 如果是文件夹的话再次调用addFolderToZip函数，写入文件夹               

                print('Entering folder: ', str(full_path))               

                self.addFolderToZip(zip_file, full_path)

directory = 'tmp'   # 需压缩的文件目录

zipfilename = 'tmp1.zip'    #压缩后的文件名

ZipFolder().toZip(directory, zipfilename)

pip install rarfile

LookupError: Couldn't find path to unrar library.

# mode的值只能为'r'

class rarfile.RarFile(rarfile, mode='r', charset=None, info_callback=None, crc_check=True, errors='stop')

def __enter__(self):

    """Open context."""   

    return self

def __exit__(self, typ, value, traceback):   

    """Exit context"""   

    self.close()

def close(self):   

    """Release open resources."""   

    pass

tarfile.open(name=None, mode='r', fileobj=None, bufsize=10240, **kwargs)

with tarfile.open("test.tar.gz") as tar:   

    tar.extractall(path='.')

# 解压后缀名为py的文件

def py_files(members):

    for tarinfo in members:       

        if os.path.splitext(tarinfo.name)[1] == ".py":           

            yield tarinfo

with tarfile.open("sample.tar.gz") as tar:   

    tar.extractall(members=py_files(tar))

with tarfile.open("sample.tar", "w") as tar:

    for name in ["foo", "bar", "quux"]:       

        tar.add(name)

with tarfile.open("sample.tar", "w:gz") as tar:

    for name in ["foo", "bar", "quux"]:       

        tar.add(name)

tar = tarfile.open('test.tar','w:gz')

for root ,dir,files in os.walk(os.getcwd()):     

  for file in files:         

      fullpath = os.path.join(root,file)         

      tar.add(fullpath)