python基础学习详解-木庄网络博客

本文摘自php中文网，作者零下一度，侵删。

运行首个程序hello_world.py

1	`#__coding:utf-8__print("Hello world!")`

输出结果：

1	`Hello world!`

变量

1	`#__coding:utf-8__name =` `"beyoungt"`

#_*_coding:utf-8_*_name = "beyoungt"print(name)
 
name = “abby"print(name)

输出结果：

1 2	`beyoungt` `abby`

在程序中可随时修改变量的值，python将始终记录变量的最新值。

字符串:

python中，用引号括起来的都是字符串。可以是单引号也可以是双引号。

1	`"This is a string."'This is also a string.'`

使用方法修改字符串大小写：

1	`name =` `"beyoungt"print(name.title())`

输出：

1	`Beyoungt`

title():将每个单词首字母改为大写。

upper():将字符串全部改为大写。

lower():将字符串全部改为小写。

字符串的拼接：

1	`first_name =` `"tian"last_name =` `"beyoungt"full_name = first_name +` `" "` `+ last_nameprint("Hello,"` `+ full_name.title+" ! "` `)`

输出：

1	`Hello，Tian Beyoungt!`

字符串的格式化输出:

1	`name = “beyoungt"print("my name is %s" %name)#输出：my name is beyoungt`

%s:字符串 %d:整数 %f:浮点数

name = input("name:")
age = int(input("age:") ) #integerjob = input("job:")
salary  = input("salary:")
 
info = '''-------- info of  %s  -----
Name:%s
Age:%d
Job:%s
Salary:%s''' % (name,name,age,job,salary)
 
info2 = '''-------- info of {_name}  -----
Name:{_name}
Age:{_age}
Job:{_job}
Salary:{_salary}'''.format(_name=name,
           _age=age,
           _job=job,
           _salary=salary)
 
info3 =  '''-------- info of {0} -----
Name:{0}
Age:{1}
Job:{2}
Salary:{3}'''.format(name,age,job,salary)print(info3)

添加制表符: \t

添加换行符: \n

print("Languages:\n\tPython\nC\n\tJavaScript")
 
输出：
Languages:
    Python
C
    JavaScript

删除空白:

1	`favorite_language =` `" python "favorite_language.rstrip() #删除末尾空白favorite_language.lstrip() #删除开头空白favorite_language.strip() #删除两端空白`

模块:

#！usr/bin/env python#-*- coding:utf-8-*-# Author burnywenimport getpass
 
_username = 'burnywen'_password = '123456'username = input("username:")#password = getpass.getpass("password:")  #fails to work well in pycharm;password = input("password:")if _username == username and _password == password:print("Welcome user {name} login...".format(name=username))else:print("Invalid username or password!")

getpass模块使密码隐藏。

循环：

1 2	`#！usr/bin/env python#-- coding:utf-8--# Author burnywencount = 0while True:print("count:",count)` `count` `+=1if` `count` `== 100:break`

1	`#！usr/bin/env python#-- coding:utf-8--# Author burnywenfor i in range(0,10):if` `i <3:print("loop ",i)else` `:continueprint("oh....")`

1	`#！usr/bin/env python#-- coding:utf-8--# Author burnywenfor i in range(10):print('----------',i)for` `j in range(10):print(j)if` `j >5:break`

guess小游戏及改进:

1	`#！usr/bin/env python`

1	`#-- coding:utf-8--`

1	`# Author burnywen`

1 2	`age_of_burnywen = 23for i in range(3):` `guess_age = int(input("guess age:") )if` `guess_age == age_of_burnywen :print("congratulations, you are right. ")breakelif guess_age > age_of_burnywen:print("think smaller...")else:print("think bigger...")else:print("you have tried too many times.")`

<br>

1	`#！usr/bin/env python#-- coding:utf-8--# Author burnywen`

age_of_burnywen = 23count = 0while count <3:
    guess_age = int(input("guess age:") )if guess_age == age_of_burnywen :print("congratulations, you are ringht. ")breakelif guess_age > age_of_burnywen:print("think smaller...")else:print("think bigger!")
    count +=1else:print("you have tried too many times.")

<br>

#！usr/bin/env python#-*- coding:utf-8-*-# Author burnywenage_of_buruywen =23count = 0while count <3:
    guess_age = int(input("guess age:") )if guess_age == age_of_burnywen :print("congratulations, you are right. ")breakelif guess_age > age_of_burnywen:print("think smaller...")else:print("think bigger!")
    count +=1if count == 3:
        countine_confirm = input("do you want to keep guessing..?")if countine_confirm != 'n':  
            count =0else:print("you have tried too many times.")