go中控制并发的两种方式(2)-木庄网络博客

在goroutine中，使用select调用<-ctx.Done()判断是否要结束，如果接受到值的话，就可以返回结束goroutine了；如果接收不到，就会继续进行监控。

那么是如何发送结束指令的呢？这就是示例中的cancel函数啦，它是我们调用context.WithCancel(parent)函数生成子Context的时候返回的，第二个返回值就是这个取消函数，它是CancelFunc类型的。我们调用它就可以发出取消指令，然后我们的监控goroutine就会收到信号，就会返回结束。

Context控制多个goroutine

func testMultiContext() {
    ctx, cancel := context.WithCancel(context.Background())
    go watch(ctx, "watch1")
    go watch(ctx, "watch2")

    time.Sleep(10 * time.Second)
    fmt.Println("cancel all goroutine")
    cancel()
    //为了检测监控过是否停止，如果没有监控输出，就表示停止了
    time.Sleep(5 * time.Second)
}

func watch(ctx context.Context, name string)  {
    for {
        select {
        case <-ctx.Done():
            fmt.Println(name," is done")
            return
        default:
            fmt.Println(name," is running")
            time.Sleep(2 * time.Second)
        }
    }
}

Context接口

// A Context carries a deadline, cancelation signal, and request-scoped values
// across API boundaries. Its methods are safe for simultaneous use by multiple
// goroutines.
type Context interface {
    // Done returns a channel that is closed when this Context is canceled
    // or times out.
    Done() <-chan struct{}

    // Err indicates why this context was canceled, after the Done channel
    // is closed.
    Err() error

    // Deadline returns the time when this Context will be canceled, if any.
    Deadline() (deadline time.Time, ok bool)

    // Value returns the value associated with key or nil if none.
    Value(key interface{}) interface{}
}