MySQL表排序规则不同报错问题分析(2)-木庄网络博客

如果使用下面这种方式修改字符集，你会发现，只更改了表级的，没有更改列级的。

mysql> ALTER TABLE cs CHARACTER SET utf8 collate utf8_unicode_ci;      
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
  
mysql> select TABLE_SCHEMA,TABLE_NAME,TABLE_COLLATION from information_schema.tables where table_name='cs';      
+--------------+------------+-----------------+
| TABLE_SCHEMA | TABLE_NAME | TABLE_COLLATION |
+--------------+------------+-----------------+
| test     | cs     | utf8_unicode_ci |
+--------------+------------+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  
mysql> select TABLE_SCHEMA,TABLE_NAME,COLUMN_NAME,COLLATION_NAME from information_schema.COLUMNS where TABLE_NAME='cs';
+--------------+------------+-------------+-----------------+
| TABLE_SCHEMA | TABLE_NAME | COLUMN_NAME | COLLATION_NAME |
+--------------+------------+-------------+-----------------+
| test     | cs     | id     | NULL      |
| test     | cs     | name    | utf8_general_ci |
+--------------+------------+-------------+-----------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

所以真正改字符集的时候别忘了加上CONVERT TO，如下：

mysql> ALTER TABLE cs CONVERT TO CHARACTER SET utf8 collate utf8_unicode_ci;
Query OK, 5 rows affected (0.06 sec)
Records: 5 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
  
mysql> select TABLE_SCHEMA,TABLE_NAME,COLUMN_NAME,COLLATION_NAME from information_schema.COLUMNS where TABLE_NAME='cs';
+--------------+------------+-------------+-----------------+
| TABLE_SCHEMA | TABLE_NAME | COLUMN_NAME | COLLATION_NAME |
+--------------+------------+-------------+-----------------+
| test     | cs     | id     | NULL      |
| test     | cs     | name    | utf8_unicode_ci |
+--------------+------------+-------------+-----------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

要仅仅改变一个表的默认字符集，应使用此语句：

mysql> ALTER TABLE cs default CHARACTER SET utf8 collate utf8_general_ci,ALGORITHM=INPLACE,LOCK=NONE;         
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
Records: 0 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
  
mysql> select TABLE_SCHEMA,TABLE_NAME,TABLE_COLLATION from information_schema.tables where table_name='cs';      
+--------------+------------+-----------------+
| TABLE_SCHEMA | TABLE_NAME | TABLE_COLLATION |
+--------------+------------+-----------------+
| test     | cs     | utf8_general_ci |
+--------------+------------+-----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
  
mysql> select TABLE_SCHEMA,TABLE_NAME,COLUMN_NAME,COLLATION_NAME from information_schema.COLUMNS where TABLE_NAME='cs';  
+--------------+------------+-------------+-----------------+
| TABLE_SCHEMA | TABLE_NAME | COLUMN_NAME | COLLATION_NAME |
+--------------+------------+-------------+-----------------+
| test     | cs     | id     | NULL      |
| test     | cs     | name    | utf8_unicode_ci |
+--------------+------------+-------------+-----------------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)