MongoDB实现查询、分页和排序操作以及游标的使用-木庄网络博客

本文整理自网络，侵删。

一、Find查询

事前准备：插入如下数据

db.Students.insert([
{ _id:1,  name:"Zhao", age:25, country:"USA", books:["JS","C++","EXTJS","MONGODB"]},
{ _id:2, name:"Qian",age:22, country:"USA", books:["PHP","JAVA","EXTJS","C++"]},
{ _id:3,name:"Sun",age:26, country:"USA", books:["JS","JAVA","C#","MONGODB"]},
{ _id:4, name:"Li",age:27,country:"China",books:["JS","JAVA","EXTJS","MONGODB"]},
{ _id:5,name:"Zhou", age:30,country:"China",books:["JS","C#","PHP","MONGODB"]},
{ _id:6, name:"Wu", age:27, country:"Japan", books:["JS","JAVA","C++","MONGODB"]},
{ _id:7, name:"Zheng", age:27, country:"UK", books:["JS","JAVA","EXTJS","PHP"]},
{ _id:8, name:"Wang", age:26,  country:"Korea",books:["JS","C#","EXTJS","MONGODB"]}
])

1.指定返回的键

db.[文档名].find ({条件},{键指定})

查询出所有数据的指定键(name ,age ,country)

db.Students.find({},{name:1,age:1,country:1,_id:0})

※条件不写就是查询全部
※需要查询的就在键后指定为1，不用就指定为0（感觉只要想查的键后面有值不见得非得是1）
※如果不指定显示=式_id:0,那查询过程都是带有_id的

2.查询条件

比较操作符	意义	举例
$lt	<	查询出id小于5的学生 > db.Students.find({_id:{$lt:5}},{})
$lte	<=	查询出年龄小于等于25岁之间的学生 > db.Students.find({age:{$lte:25}},{})
$ne	!=	查询出国家不是中国的学生 > db.Students.find({country:{$ne:"China"}},{})
$gt	>	查询所有年纪大于27岁的，中国学生名字 > db.Students.find({age:{$gt:27}},{name:1,country:1,age:1}) { "_id" : 5, "name" : "Zhou", "age" : 30, "country" : "China" }
$gte	>=	同上

3.包含或不包含

较操作符	意义	举例
$in	包含	查询国家是中国和美国的学生 > db.Students.find({country:{$in:["China","USA"]}},{})
$nin	不包含	查询年龄不是27岁的学生 > db.Students.find({age:{$nin:[27]}},{})

较操作符

意义

举例

$in

包含

查询国家是中国和美国的学生

> db.Students.find({country:{$in:["China","USA"]}},{})

$nin

不包含

查询年龄不是27岁的学生

> db.Students.find({age:{$nin:[27]}},{})

4.OR查询

较操作符	意义	举例
$or	包含	查询年龄小于27岁，或者国家是美国的学生 >db.Students.find({$or:[{age:{$lt:27}},{country:"USA"}]},{}) 查询年龄大于等于30岁，或者国家是不是美国的学生 >db.Students.find({$or:[{age:{$gte:30}},{country:{$nin:["China"]}}]},{})

较操作符

意义

举例

$or

包含

查询年龄小于27岁，或者国家是美国的学生

>db.Students.find({$or:[{age:{$lt:27}},{country:"USA"}]},{})

查询年龄大于等于30岁，或者国家是不是美国的学生

>db.Students.find({$or:[{age:{$gte:30}},{country:{$nin:["China"]}}]},{})

5.Null

为所有美国学生添加性别属性为男性（M）

> db.Students.update({country:"USA"},{$set:{sex:"M"}},false,true)

查询所有sex属性为null的学生

> db.Students.find({sex:{$in:[null]}},{name:1,country:1})

6.正则查询

查询出名字中存在”Zh”的学生的信息

> db.Students.find({name:/Zh/},{})
{ "_id" : 1, "name" : "Zhao", "age" : 25, "country" : "USA", "books" : [ "JS", "C++", "EXTJS", "MONGODB" ], "sex" : "M" }
{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "Zhou", "age" : 30, "country" : "China", "books" : [ "JS", "C#", "PHP", "MONGODB" ] }
{ "_id" : 7, "name" : "Zheng", "age" : 27, "country" : "UK", "books" : [ "JS", "JAVA", "EXTJS", "PHP" ] }

7.$not的使用

※$not和$nin的区别是$not可以用在任何地方儿$nin是用到集合上的

查找出名字中不存在“Zh”的学生信息

> db.Students.find({name:{$not:/Zh/}},{})
{ "_id" : 2, "name" : "Qian", "age" : 22, "country" : "USA", "books" : [ "PHP","JAVA", "EXTJS", "C++" ], "sex" : "M" }
{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "Sun", "age" : 26, "country" : "USA", "books" : [ "JS", "JAVA", "C#", "MONGODB" ], "sex" : "M" }
{ "_id" : 4, "name" : "Li", "age" : 27, "country" : "China", "books" : [ "JS", "JAVA", "EXTJS", "MONGODB" ] }
{ "_id" : 6, "name" : "Wu", "age" : 27, "country" : "Japan", "books" : [ "JS", "JAVA", "C++", "MONGODB" ] }
{ "_id" : 8, "name" : "Wang", "age" : 26, "country" : "Korea", "books" : [ "JS","C#", "EXTJS", "MONGODB" ] }

8.数组查询$all和index应用

查询所有拥有JS和PHP书籍的同学

> db.Students.find({books:{$all:["JS","PHP"]}},{})
{ "_id" : 5, "name" : "Zhou", "age" : 30, "country" : "China", "books" : [ "JS", "C#", "PHP", "MONGODB" ] }
{ "_id" : 7, "name" : "Zheng", "age" : 27, "country" : "UK", "books" : [ "JS", "JAVA", "EXTJS", "PHP" ] }

查询第三本书是C#的同学

> db.Students.find({"books.2":"C#"},{})
{ "_id" : 3, "name" : "Sun", "age" : 26, "country" : "USA", "books" : [ "JS", "JAVA", "C#", "MONGODB" ], "sex" : "M" }

上面那个使用index来查询的例子中，"books.2"一定要用""包含起来