CentOS下安装MySQL5.6.10和安全配置教程详解-木庄网络博客

本文整理自网络，侵删。

注：以下所有操作都在CentOS 6.5 x86_64位系统下完成。

#准备工作#

在安装MySQL之前，请确保已经使用yum安装了以下各类基础组件（如果系统已自带，还可以考虑yum update下基础组件）：

gcc
cmake
openssl+openssl-devel
pcre+pcre-devel
bzip2+bzip2-devel
libcurl+curl+curl-devel
libjpeg+libjpeg-devel
libpng+libpng-devel
freetype+freetype-devel
php-mcrypt+libmcrypt+libmcrypt-devel
libxslt+libxslt-devel
gmp+gmp-devel
libxml2+libxml2-devel
mhash
ncurses+ncurses-devel
xml2

然后创建mysql的用户组和用户，并且不允许登录权限：

# id mysql
id: mysql：无此用户
# groupadd mysql
# useradd -g mysql -s /sbin/nologin mysql
# id mysql
uid=500(mysql) gid=500(mysql) 组=500(mysql)

#MySQL的安装#

给MySQL的安装准备目录：

# mkdir -p /data/mysql/data
# chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

开始源码安装MySQL：

# cd /usr/local/src
# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.10.tar.gz
# tar zxf mysql-5.6.10.tar.gz
# cd mysql-5.6.10
# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.10 -DSYSCONFDIR=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.10/etc -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql-5.6.10/tmp/mysql.sock -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql/data -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1
...
CMake Warning:
Manually-specified variables were not used by the project:
MYSQL_USER
-- Build files have been written to: /usr/local/src/mysql-5.6.10
# make && make install
# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql-5.6.10/etc
# mkdir -p /usr/local/mysql-5.6.10/tmp
# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.6.10/ /usr/local/mysql
# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql-5.6.10
# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

给当前环境添加MySQL的bin目录：

# vim /etc/profile
export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql
export PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_HOME/bin
$ source /etc/profile

执行初初始化配置脚本并创建系统自带的数据库和表：

# cd /usr/local/mysql
# scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data
...
OK
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system
PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:
./bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
./bin/mysqladmin -u root -h iZ94mobdenkZ password 'new-password'
Alternatively you can run:
./bin/mysql_secure_installation
which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default. This is
strongly recommended for production servers.
See the manual for more instructions.
You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd . ; ./bin/mysqld_safe &
You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
Please report any problems with the ./bin/mysqlbug script!
The latest information about MySQL is available on the web at
http://www.mysql.com
Support MySQL by buying support/licenses at http://shop.mysql.com
WARNING: Found existing config file ./my.cnf on the system.
Because this file might be in use, it was not replaced,
but was used in bootstrap (unless you used --defaults-file)
and when you later start the server.
The new default config file was created as ./my-new.cnf,
please compare it with your file and take the changes you need.
WARNING: Default config file /etc/my.cnf exists on the system
This file will be read by default by the MySQL server
If you do not want to use this, either remove it, or use the
--defaults-file argument to mysqld_safe when starting the server

注：由于MySQL在启动的时候，会先去/etc/my.cnf找配置文件，如果没有找到则搜索$basedir/my.cnf，也即/usr/local/mysql-5.6.10/my.cnf，所以必须确保/etc/my.cnf没有存在，否则可能导致无法启动。

阅读剩余部分