本文摘自PHP中文网，作者青灯夜游，侵删。
方法：1、安装ncurses-devel依赖包；2、下载并解压mysql压缩包；3、使用cd命令进入mysql文件夹，使用cmake命令进行配置解析；4、使用“make && make install”命令安装mysql即可。
（推荐教程：mysql视频教程）
一、安装cmake
1、解压cmake压缩包
1 2 3 | [root@mysql tools]# tar -zvxf cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz
[root@mysql tools]# ls
cmake-2.8.8 cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz mysql-5.5.16.tar.gz scripts
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2、解析
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 | [root@mysql tools]# cd cmake-2.8.8
[root@mysql cmake-2.8.8]# ./configure
---------------------------------------------
CMake 2.8.8, Copyright 2000-2009 Kitware, Inc.
Found GNU toolchain
C compiler on this system is: gcc
C++ compiler on this system is: g++
Makefile processor on this system is: gmake
g++ is GNU compiler
g++ has STL in std:: namespace
g++ has ANSI streams
g++ has streams in std:: namespace
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3、安装
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 | [root@mysql cmake-2.8.8]# echo $?
0
#如果返回值是0，就是执行成功，如果返回值是1，就是执行失败；
[root@mysql cmake-2.8.8]# gmake && gmake install
Scanning dependencies of target cmIML_test
[ 1%] Building C object Utilities/KWIML/test/CMakeFiles/cmIML_test.dir/test.c.o
[ 1%] Building C object Utilities/KWIML/test/CMakeFiles/cmIML_test.dir/test_ABI_C.c.o
[ 1%] Building C object Utilities/KWIML/test/CMakeFiles/cmIML_test.dir/test_INT_C.c.o
[ 1%] Building C object Utilities/KWIML/test/CMakeFiles/cmIML_test.dir/test_include_C.c.o
[ 2%] Building CXX object Utilities/KWIML/test/CMakeFiles/cmIML_test.dir/test_ABI_CXX.cxx.o
[ 2%] Building CXX object Utilities/KWIML/test/CMakeFiles/cmIML_test.dir/test_INT_CXX.cxx.o
[ 2%] Building CXX object Utilities/KWIML/test/CMakeFiles/cmIML_test.dir/test_include_CXX.cxx.o
|
二、开始安装mysql
1、首先需要安装（ncurses-devel）依赖包
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 | [root@mysql cmake-2.8.8]# cd …
[root@mysql tools]# yum -y install ncurses-devel
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
base: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
extras: centos.ustc.edu.cn
updates: mirrors.zju.edu.cn
Resolving Dependencies
?C> Running transaction check
―> tools ncurses-devel.x86_64 0:5.9-14.20130511.el7_4 will be installed
#############安装完成后检查###########
[root@mysql tools]# rpm -qa | grep ncurses-devel
ncurses-devel-5.9-14.20130511.el7_4.x86_64
[root@mysql tools]#
|
2、解压mysql压缩包
1 2 3 4 | [root@mysql tools]# tar -zvxf mysql-5.5.16.tar.gz
[root@mysql tools]# ls
cmake-2.8.8 cmake-2.8.8.tar.gz mysql-5.5.16 mysql-5.5.16.tar.gz scripts
[root@mysql tools]#
|
3、创建虚拟用户
1 2 3 4 | [root@mysql tools]# useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin -M
[root@mysql tools]# id mysql
uid=1000(mysql) gid=1000(mysql) groups=1000(mysql)
[root@mysql tools]#
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4、配置解析
1 2 3 | [root@mysql tools]# cd mysql-5.5.16
[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]#
[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# cmake . -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/data -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/tmp/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=gbk,gb2312,utf8,ascii -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=ON -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_FEDERATED_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITHOUT_EXAMPLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITHOUT_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_FAST_MUTEXES=1 -DWITH_ZLIB=bundled -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DWITH_EMBEDDED_SERVER=1 -DWITH_DEBUG=0
|
5、安装
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | [root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# make && make install
Scanning dependencies of target INFO_BIN
[ 0%] Built target INFO_BIN
Scanning dependencies of target INFO_SRC
[ 0%] Built target INFO_SRC
Scanning dependencies of target abi_check
[ 0%] Built target abi_check
Scanning dependencies of target zlib
|
6、创建软连接
1 2 3 4 | [root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/ /usr/local/mysql
[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# readlink /usr/local/mysql
/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/
[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]#
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7、配置环境
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | [root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# cd …
[root@mysql tools]# echo ‘export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH' >>/etc/profile
[root@mysql tools]# tail -1 /etc/profile
export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH
[root@mysql tools]# source /etc/profile
[root@mysql tools]# echo $PATH
/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/root/bin
[root@mysql tools]#
|
8、拷贝、查看、设置属主、及添加tmp权限
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 | [root@mysql tools]# \cp mysql-5.5.16/support-files/my-small.cnf /etc/my.cnf
[root@mysql tools]# ll /usr/local/mysql/data/
total 0
drwxr-xr-x 2 root root 20 May 31 11:51 test
[root@mysql tools]# chown -R mysql.mysql /usr/local/mysql/data/
[root@mysql tools]# chmod -R 1777 /tmp/
[root@mysql tools]#
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9、初始化数据库
1 2 3 4 5 6 | [root@mysql tools]# cd /usr/local/mysql/scripts/
[root@mysql scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data/ --user=mysql
Installing MySQL system tables…
OK
Filling help tables…
OK
|
注：看到两个ok表示成功
10、设置开机启动
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 | [root@mysql scripts]# cd /roottools/mysql-5.5.16
[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# chmod -R 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# chkconfig --add mysqld
[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# chkconfig mysqld on
[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# chkconfig --list mysqld
Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
systemd configuration.
If you want to list systemd services use ‘systemctl list-unit-files'.
To see services enabled on particular target use
‘systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.
mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off
[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]#
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11、启动mysql数据库
1 2 3 | [root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# /etc/init.d/mysqld start
Starting MySQL… SUCCESS!
[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]#
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12、查看端口进程
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 | [root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# lsof -i:3306
COMMAND PID USER FD TYPE DEVICE SIZE/OFF NODE NAME
mysqld 51146 mysql 10u IPv4 82600 0t0 TCP :mysql (LISTEN)
[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# netstat -lnutp|grep 3306
tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0: LISTEN 51146/mysqld
[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]# ps -ef|grep 3306
mysql 51146 50900 0 14:13 pts/1 00:00:00 /usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16 --datadir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/data --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/data/mysql.err --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/data/mysql.pid --socket=/usr/local/mysql-5.5.16/tmp/mysql.sock --port=3306
root 51170 16240 0 14:14 pts/1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto 3306
[root@mysql mysql-5.5.16]#
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注：如果要重新初始化只要删除data目录库文件存储地或者新建一个库文件存储地，重新初始化，提示两个ok就是成功
进入数据库
1 | [root@localhost ~]# mysql
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查看所有用户
1 2 3 | mysql> use mysql
mysql> show tables;
mysql> select user,host from user;
|
删除系统默认的
1 2 3 | delete from mysql.user where user='';
delete from mysql.user where host='::1';
select user,host from mysql.user;
|
只保留这两个
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 | mysql> select user,host from mysql.user;
±-----±----------+
| user | host |
±-----±----------+
| root | 127.0.0.1 |
| root | localhost |
±-----±----------+
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
#########################
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添加额外的授权管理员用户
1 | grant all privileges on . to system@‘192.168.%' identified by ‘system' with grant option;
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字符集路径
1 | vi /etc/locale.conf #centos7
|
mysql创建密码
1 | /application/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root password ‘123456'
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mysql修改密码
1 | /application/mysql//bin/mysqladmin -u root -p123456 password ‘112233'
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