介绍python 数据抓取三种方法-木庄网络博客

本文摘自php中文网，作者coldplay.xixi，侵删。

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三种数据抓取的方法

正则表达式（re库）
BeautifulSoup（bs4）
lxml

*利用之前构建的下载网页函数，获取目标网页的html，我们以https://guojiadiqu.bmcx.com/AFG__guojiayudiqu/为例，获取html。

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from get_html import download
 
url = 'https://guojiadiqu.bmcx.com/AFG__guojiayudiqu/'page_content = download(url)

*假设我们需要爬取该网页中的国家名称和概况，我们依次使用这三种数据抓取的方法实现数据抓取。
1.正则表达式

from get_html import downloadimport re
 
url = 'https://guojiadiqu.bmcx.com/AFG__guojiayudiqu/'page_content = download(url)country = re.findall('class="h2dabiaoti">(.*?)</h2>', page_content) #注意返回的是listsurvey_data = re.findall('<tr><td bgcolor="#FFFFFF" id="wzneirong">(.*?)</td></tr>', page_content)survey_info_list = re.findall('<p>　　(.*?)</p>', survey_data[0])survey_info = ''.join(survey_info_list)print(country[0],survey_info)

2.BeautifulSoup（bs4）

from get_html import downloadfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoup
 
url = 'https://guojiadiqu.bmcx.com/AFG__guojiayudiqu/'html = download(url)#创建 beautifulsoup 对象soup = BeautifulSoup(html,"html.parser")#搜索country = soup.find(attrs={'class':'h2dabiaoti'}).text
survey_info = soup.find(attrs={'id':'wzneirong'}).textprint(country,survey_info)

3.lxml

from get_html import downloadfrom lxml import etree #解析树url = 'https://guojiadiqu.bmcx.com/AFG__guojiayudiqu/'page_content = download(url)selector = etree.HTML(page_content)#可进行xpath解析country_select = selector.xpath('//*[@id="main_content"]/h2') #返回列表for country in country_select:
    print(country.text)survey_select = selector.xpath('//*[@id="wzneirong"]/p')for survey_content in survey_select:
    print(survey_content.text,end='')